In class this last week , my group discussed Hamlet as a philosopher. His "to be, or not to be" soliloquy reveals Hamlet's role as a philosopher and yields well to an existential reading. Existentialism describes the philosophy which includes confusion in an "absurd" world. Also, philosophers like Fichte and early Schelling believe that human existence is action.
Two quotes that we brought up were the following along with explanations:
"To be, or not to be, that is the question"(3.1.56)
Hamlet could literally be questioning "to act or not to act" which connects to the philosophies of Fichte and Schelling. In this soliloquy, Hamlet questions his own existence seeming very suicidal. It is possible that he feels that since he has lacked action or progress in the plot to avenge the murder of his father, he lacks existence because existence is action. if he is no acting then he is not existing. Nevertheless, I believe Hamlet does not fully grasp what the essence of his existence is. Back in act 1, we see that he is deeply frustrated that his fate holds the revenge of his father on its shoulders. Thus, Hamlet might be expressing here that he is not in control of his own fate, his actions. i also think that Hamlet misinterprets the definition of acting that is existence. We see that he wants to put on a play to "catch" the conscience of the king , Claudius. Also, it is not known whether Hamlet acts mad or truly is mad. Thus, I believe that Hamlet's interpretation of action is putting on a performance or pretending to be something that he is not in order to mask his own true intentions. I think he tries to get rid of his own confusion over the calamitous state of Denmark and his own responsibilities that he tries to distract himself by trying to unmask other men. He tries to get rid of their appearances to show their true nature.
"To sleep, perchance to dream, ay there’s the rub, for in that sleep of death what dreams may come when we have shuffled off this mortal coil must give us pause-there's the respect that makes calamity of so long life..." (3.1.65-69)
Hamlet acts as a philosopher her as well as he weighs the pros and cons of death. Earlier in the soliloquy Hamlet questions his own physical existence asking if it be better to stand the hardships of life or end one's own life to escape them . However, Hamlet is halted at his seemingly suicidal thoughts by the fact that there is even more uncertainty in death. Hamlet seems to believe that it is man's fear of death that makes him stand living. Why is Hamlet questioning dying though? We agreed that this seems cowardly. He would be giving up on himself and his father. Furthermore, Hamlet considers death yet still finds no hope in his own death. I think Hamlet is unsure of two things here (1) his own fate and (2) the fate of the kingdom
Subject: Book Recommendation
ReplyDeleteAuthor: Jasminka Maric
Title: Philosophy in Hamlet
ISBN: 978-86-900802-0-5
Publisher: Alfa BK University/author
Date of publication: 2018
https://www.amazon.com/Philosophy-Hamlet-Jasminka-D-Maric/dp/8690080201/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=jasminka+maric&qid=1552505849&s=books&sr=1-1-spell
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“Philosophy in ‘Hamlet’” is a revised and updated version of the master’s thesis which was successfully defended at the Faculty of Dramatic Arts of Belgrade University in 2012, as the first thesis on “Hamlet”. On the basis of the study of “Hamlet” by Lev S. Vygotsky, the book “Philosophy in ‘Hamlet’” points out the philosophical problems set in Shakespeare’s enigmatic tragedy: the problem of being, the problem of the nature of reality, or another reality and another world, the problem of the transcendent, as well as the problem of time which is associated with a four-dimensional perception of reality, feelings of absurdity and meaning, then the problem of the supernatural, idem est the metaphysical, and the philosophy expressed in the tragedy of “Hamlet”.
Reviewers: Radoslav Djokic, Professor of aesthetics: "The thesis of Jasminka Marić systematically analyzes Shakespeare's most famous play. The author rightly relies on Vygotsky's extraordinary study, in view of the compatibility of the basic assumptions of both studies. The ontological sphere is vast, if not boundless, but the author has captured with her research 'network', the most important aspects of it, in fact, those most important for Shakespeare's work. Thanks to this procedure, she has succeeded in illuminating the multi-layered structure of Shakespeare's drama, in her own authentic way."
Mirko Zurovac, Professor of aesthetics and ontology: "The basic thesis from which the author begins is that the tragedy of" Hamlet "is essentially a metaphysical tragedy and that a metaphysical discourse, rather than a philological one, is appropriate for the analysis of ontological aspects in this work of art. Moreover, she adds seven of her own poems in an appendix, and these are pervaded with metaphysical inspiration, which in a direct poetic way indicates the metaphysical passion of the author writing this important and very interesting book. "
Vladislava Gordić Petković, Professor of English literature: In her master thesis "Analysis of the ontological aspects of Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet " Jasminka Marić breaks down the layered and inexhaustibly interpretable text of the most famous drama by William Shakespeare, performing a precise and meticulous analysis of the ontological aspects of a thematically and semantically heterogeneous work. For centuries this has proved to be not only an attractive starting point for the research of critical-methodological postulates of various theories but also a rewarding area for clarifying the postulates of artistic creation. With the consistent and effective application of a valid critical theoretical matrix, the author successfully positions the philosophical and critical corpus, which in the recent history of critical thought, is still insufficiently read and studied. The study before us is not only an original contribution to the study of the philosophy of Hamlet, but it is also a successful attempt to fill empty spaces in the reception of this tragedy.
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